advantages and disadvantages of cluster sampling pdf

• Design effect! – Means and totals! Multi-stage sampling is a type of cluster samping often used to study large populations. Cluster Sampling. Systematic sampling is one in which the initial unit of sample is selected at random from the initial stratum of the universe and the other units are selected at a certain space interval from the universe arranged in a systematic order like numerical, alphabetical and geographical order. Systematic sampling by definition is systematic. Multistage cluster sampling: Multistage cluster sampling is a complex type of cluster sampling. In Cluster sampling, when unequal size of some of the subsets is selected, an element of sample bias will arise. • Sampling with probability proportional to size! What is Cluster Sampling?! When the population consists of units rather than individuals . This may not be the actual case. In stratified sampling, the population is divided into the mutually exclusive groups th… Therefore, systematic sampling is used to simplify the process of selecting a sample or to ensure ideal dispersion of sample units throughout the population. Easy and convenient. There are primarily two methods of sampling the elements in the cluster sampling method: one-stage and two-stage. • Advantages:! Then the sample would be selected from a table of random numbers or random selection. Convenience and inexpensive Instead of sampling an entire country when using simple random sampling, the researcher can allocate his limited resources to the few randomly selected clusters or areas when using cluster samples. included in the general sampling. List of the Disadvantages of Cluster Sampling 1. Advantages and Disadvantages! Convenience Sampling. On the contrary, in two-stage (cluster) sampling, simple random sampling is applied within each cluster to select a subsample of elements in each cluster. For example, a researcher wants to know the different eating habits in western Europe. These groups are called clusters. It allows a population to be sampled at a set interval called the sampling interval. This may produce large sampling error and reduce the representativeness of the sample. • Cluster sampling: a probability sample in which each sampling unit is a collection, or cluster, of elements! It is easier to create biased data within cluster sampling. Advantages: – Advantages and disadvantages! Probability sampling is useful in studies where full representation of a group is desired, as opposed to less focused types of sampling, such as convenience or quota sampling. There are distinct advantages and disadvantages of using systematic sampling as a statistical sampling method when conducting research of a survey population. 2! In this method, numbers are assigned to every member in the study group of population. We have already discussed about the advantages and disadvantages of sampling in general. • Cluster sampling: a probability sample in which each sampling unit is a collection, or cluster, of elements! In one-stage (cluster) sampling, all elements in each selected cluster are sampled. Estimators for systematic sampling and simple random sampling are identical; only the method of sample selected differs. – Using the design effect to determine effective sample size! Advantages and Disadvantages of Cluster Sampling This sampling technique is cheap, quick and easy. This is a major disadvantage as far as cluster sampling is concerned. The design of each cluster is the foundation of the data that will be gathered from the sampling process. This is the basic method of sampling. • But can construct a frame by cluster (area, – For some populations, cannot construct explicit sampling frame! The following are the disadvantages of Cluster sampling: In a cluster sample, each cluster may be composed of units that is like one another. One of the advantages of using the cluster sampling is economical in reducing cost by concentrating on the selected clusters it gives less precision than the simple random sampling. • Estimators! 2/1/13! Possibly, members of units are different from one another, decreasing the techniques effectiveness. Multi-stage sampling Is an additional progress of the belief that cluster sampling … Random sampling removes an unconscious bias while creating data that can be analyzed to benefit the general demographic or population group being studied. The advantages and disadvantages of random sampling show that it can be quite effective when it is performed correctly. The researcher divides the population into groups at various stages for better data collection, management, and interpretation. Cluster sampling is one of the efficient methods of random sampling in which the population is first divided into clusters, and then a sample is selected from the clusters randomly. Cons of Cluster Sampling Biased Sampling: - If the group in population that is chosen as a cluster sample has a biased opinion then the entire population is inferred to have the same opinion. When the members of the population are convenient to sample . Cluster sampling is used to study the behavior of units within a group rather than individuals, and is less accurate than individual-based types of probability sampling. The cluster sampling method must not be confused with stratified sampling. Non-Probability Sampling .