9. COH bond angle in alcohol is less than tetrahedral angle of 109.50 .COC bond angle in ether is more than tetrahedral angle of 109.50. Hence considering both electronic and steric factors, primary alkoxides are the most stable and tertiary alkoxides are the least stable, so primary alcohols are the most acidic and tertiary alcohols are the least acidic. Hence, ortho and para nitrophenols are stronger acids than phenol. The presence of this group in the ortho or para position decreases the electron density in the O-H bond. The C-O-H bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle because of the repulsion between the two lone pairs of electrons on oxygen atoms as these pairs pushes the C-O bonds closer to each other. Phenol structure is mainly attributed to two factors: Hence, C-O bond length in phenol is slightly less than that in methanol. The normal boiling point is till high (216 °C), but the vapour pressure is high enough that o-nitrobenzene is easily steam distilled. Acidity of alcohol is primary alcohol>sec alcohol>tert alcohol. In phenol the oxygen atom donates its lone pair of electrons to the benzene ring thereby acquiring a positive charge whereas no such thing happens in alcohols. Yes, phenol is less polar than methanol. To evaluate the strength of the alkoxide we will look at both steric and electronic factors. Accordingly, methanol is more polar than phenol. The organic compounds from a series, known as homologs series in which the successive compounds contain the same functional groups and differ from one another by a –CH2 group. Due to this resonance effect phenoxide ion is less basic than alkoxide ion. Have a look at the conjugate bases of alcohol and phenol i. e. alkoxide and phenoxide ion, R-OH <============> RO(-) + H(+) In this article, we will learn about alcohol structure, phenol structure, and other structure. Your email address will not be published. Based on Arrhenius’s Theory, acid is a species donating hydrogen ion whereas base is a species donating hydroxide ion. Ph-Oh<============> PhO(-) + H(+). Your email address will not be published. They have a sweet odour. 10. Presence of electron withdrawing groups at ortho and para position increases the acidic strength,whereas electron releasing or donating groups at ortho and para position decreases acidic strength. General Alcohol Structure Phenol structure Presence of nitro group at ortho and para position makes phenol more acidic. Join Yahoo Answers and get 100 points today. Just because the supernatural hasnt presented itself yet as obviously sinister doesnt mean it wont at some point? p-Nitrophenol has strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds.These strong intermolecular forces mean that has a low vapour pressure. 2. They exhibit a unique set of physical and chemical properties. Due to the repulsion between the unshared electron pairs of oxygen, the bond angle of C-O-H bonds in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle (109°-28′). Organic chemistry has always been a vast subject of research among science enthusiasts. For the simplest case of alkyl alcohols, primary alcohols are more acidic than secondary alcohols which are more acidic than tertiary alcohols. Depending on reaction, an alcohol can either donate only hydrogen, leaving O attached to the hydrocarbon chain, or donate the whole OH. 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