The germination percentage was high in neem kernel powder among the treatments. Privacy When the corresponding nano-oils were applied against C. chinensis, the accumulations obtained 89.7, 42.8, 70.9, and 48.9% as compared to 0.1% in the control (Table 2). Bulletin of the National Research Centre Env. The highest pulse beetle mortality (100%) at 72 h after exposure was recorded with neem oil, fly ash and coconut oil, followed by groundnut oil, mustard oil, marigold leaf powder and cow dung ash (94.4, 88.8, 83.3 and 83.3%, respectively). The emerged adult moths were counted after tested intervals. Freeman. The malformations of the insect significantly increased after nano-rosemary and nano-anis to 100% as compared to zero in the control (Table 5). The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana was used as biological control agent to control pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis in chickpea grains at different temperatures. When the corresponding nano-oils were applied against C. chinensis, the accumulations obtained 89.7, 42.8, 70.9, and 48.9% as compared to 0.1% in the control. 1) was treated with the tested oil at 1% concentration and placed in the cell A.
After 90 days, the percentage of grain weight lost was calculated from the differences between the original and the final weight in each jar using the following formula: % WL (% Weight Loss) = [(OW–FW)/OW] × 100. where OW = original weight and FW = final weight. (2012) found that the modified diatomaceous earth with calcium hydroxide (Ca-DE) and modified diatoms with sodium hydroxide (Na-DE) were the highlight treatments against tested pests and had the highest mortality percentages found among C. maculatus. Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus. J Sci Ind Res 52:676–683, Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ (1981) The principles and practice of statistics in biological research. Levels of infestation may be high. PP1 - Efficacy Evaluation of Plant Protection Products; PP2 - Good Plant Protection Practice; PP3 - Environmental Risk Assessment of Plant Protection Products ... PM9 - National Regulatory Control Systems; PM10 - Phytosanitary Treatments; … The essential oils were obtained by steam distillation methods of dried plants (Guenther 1961). Ethyl formate (EF) and methyl salicylate (MS) fumigated for Callosobruchus chinensis. (2016a). Additionally, the experiment was designed to test the latent effect of the tested oils against C. maculatus and C. chinensis on foam as surface protectant after 90-day intervals. Home; Standards . Mortality was evaluated after 7 days of exposure in the treated and untreated control. Callosobruchus maculatus and C. chinensis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are dangerous insects to stored grains. Plant Prot Rest. Table 4 shows that after nano-oil treatments the percentages of larval mortality of C. maculatus significantly increased to 61.3 and 59.8% after rosemary and garlic nano-oil treatments. Pharmacol. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(02)00020-6, Article The percentages of repellency values were calculated using the equation: D = [1 − (T/C)] × 100 (Lwande et al. 2(4): 127-132, 2013. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6339/d63e4f7169df8cc75522c0ce6ebd0f607d3c.pdf, Sahaf BZ, Moharramipour S (2008) Fumigant toxicity of Carum copticum and Vitex pseudonegundo essential oils against eggs, larvae and adults of Callosobruchus maculatus. After 7 days of exposure, accumulative mortality percentages were calculated in the treated and untreated control. The foam granules sprayed with the tested oils (bulk and nano) were mixed with 2 g foam/100 g cow pea) according to Abd El-Aziz (2001).