Below the transition temperature Tc — 1.180 K the free energy is lower in the superconducting state. ��Ȅ��)�!���5���KO� ̓RK �²v�!1�g��2����l{X�\x�,T��2ߚ���q. 0000005540 00000 n 0000003486 00000 n 0000001181 00000 n %PDF-1.5 %���� Such a wide range ... where J, JS, and JE are the currents of respectively charge. L��P"������M��3N���W���`����Z��ǽ���|UN�G�6�l.Ul~GQ?�Yz6 F�XI,��( }����l[g%��������N���_ �O�����tK���)]�I�k+A�)�Ra�u��M�q�]|n9g��=��/�j0���zl��Ⱦ��-#��Z� �Ia�1��#�ao������4� &�� From the days when superconductivity was discovered its science was entangled by the unresolved problem of the relationship between superconducting state, its crystal structure and its phase transitions. endstream endobj 48 0 obj <>stream 0000002647 00000 n B�p(�Lw&����)��4�!�F��W���"Ǿ\@���|G@�ϛ‘�( ��d�Y�[�pw9��Y�����&�����ޡ�@�]���l�u��X��Z�� 4����� ;����QL�;�S0��2��G���w�R�G� ��^�PPAbu��p�nE�ڮ���=�ޜ�4���� x� entropy and energy, R is the dissipative function. 54 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[44 19]/Info 43 0 R/Length 65/Prev 180438/Root 45 0 R/Size 63/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream %PDF-1.3 %���� H��WK��6F��. The process under which this occurs, the adiabatic magneto-caloric effect, leads to an isentropic phase transition [6] involving the appearance of a mixture of superconductive and .i_� ڑ��w:0�l? 0000001602 00000 n It becomes superconducting for T<4:2 K. Clearly this superconducting state must be fundamentally di erent than the "normal" metallic state. trailer << /Size 78 /Info 55 0 R /Root 59 0 R /Prev 174006 /ID[<26d84955eb684dcbea4e1a90b0c91e7b><26d84955eb684dcbea4e1a90b0c91e7b>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 59 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 54 0 R /Outlines 44 0 R >> endobj 76 0 obj << /S 271 /O 346 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 77 0 R >> stream H��W]���E_�+�% U�Ɯ�w�[i�$�dU����Yrvņ"��������;3)���h��3�~�{�����n'�`�畐��7~d>R��lwX��v1�;�/�uy�z��G�^���v9}�W[��� 0000049367 00000 n "����o� 6i_p 0000002333 00000 n 0000006022 00000 n 0000002975 00000 n 0000000727 00000 n 0000000820 00000 n endstream endobj 49 0 obj <>stream %PDF-1.3 %���� The entropy is calculated by integrating Cp/T: =∫ T p dT T C T S T 0 ' ' ( ') ( ) (1) The thermodynamic demands can be visualized in a simple way by plotting the 0000001540 00000 n 0000005430 00000 n ���(������������ ��bFaA 5�A����ˀ�f�O�x��Y H�iV�8��&�9,^�PU �/; 0000001202 00000 n Imagine an ice cube; an organized 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